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Nobel Prizes
Chemistry Physiology or
MedicineImportant to the Topics in Biology
Bergen County Academies(last update: 2/6/08)
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Nobels in Chemistry
Nobels in Physiology and Medicine
(now called the Nobel in Medicine)
Jacobus Henricus
van 't HoffThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1901in recognition of the
extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of
the laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure in solutionsEmil Adolf
von BehringThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1901for his work on serum therapy, especially its application against diphtheria, by which he has opened a new road in the domain of medical science and thereby placed in the hands of the physician a victorious weapon against illness and deaths
Emil
FischerThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1902in recognition of the extraordinary
services he has rendered
by his work on sugar and purine syntheses
(A&P, Mol Bio 4 and PCS) (Cell Bio 2) (A&P and Mol Bio 1 & 2) R
Ronald
RossThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1902for his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it
Ivan Petrovich
PavlovThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1904in recognition of his work on the physiology of digestion, through which knowledge on vital aspects of the subject has been transformed and enlarged
Robert
KochThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1905for his investigations and
discoveries in relation
to tuberculosis(Cell Bio 2 & 3) (PCS) (Cell Bio 2 & 3) R
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Camillo
GolgiThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1906in recognition of their work
on the structure
of the nervous system
Santiago Ramón
y CajalThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1906in recognition of their work
on the structure
of the nervous systemEduard
BuchnerThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1907for his biochemical researches
and his discovery
of cell-free fermentation(A&P, Mol Bio 1 & 2 and PCS) (A&P, Mol Bio 1 & 2 and PCS) (A&P and Mol Bio 3) R
Charles Louis
Alphonse LaveranThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1907in recognition of
his work on the role
played by protozoa
in causing diseases
Ilya Ilyich
MechnikovThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1908in recognition of their
work on immunityPaul
EhrlichThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1908in recognition of their
work on immunity(Cell Bio 3) (Cell Bio 3) (Cell Bio 3) R
Albrecht
KosselThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1910in recognition of the
contributions to our knowledge of cell chemistry made through his work on proteins, including
the nucleic substancesCharles Robert
RichetThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1913in recognition of
his work on anaphylaxisRichard Martin
WillstätterThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1915for his researches on
plant pigments,
especially chlorophyll(A&P, Cell Bio 1 and
Mol Bio 1, 2 & 5)(Cell Bio 3) (Mol Bio 4) R
William
BraggThe Nobel Prize
in Physics
1915for their services in the
analysis of crystal structure
by means of X-raysLawrence
BraggThe Nobel Prize
in Physics
1915for their services in the
analysis of crystal structure
by means of X-rays
(Cell Bio 1) (Cell Bio 1)
Jules
BordetThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1919for his discoveries
relating to immunitySchack
KroghThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1920for his discovery
of the capillary motor
regulating mechanismSir Archibald Vivian
HillThe Nobel Prize
for his discovery relating
in Physiology or Medicine
1922
to the production of heat in the muscle
(Immunology (CB3)) (A&P) (A&P, Mol Bio 3 & PCS) R
Otto Fritz
MeyerhofThe Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
1922for his discovery of the fixed
relationship between the
consumption of oxygen and
the metabolism of lactic acid
in the muscleWillem
EinthovenThe Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
1924for his discovery
of the mechanism of the electrocardiogramSir Frederick Grant
BantingThe Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
1927for the discovery
of insulinR(A&P and Mol Bio 3) (A&P and PCS) (A&P, Mol Bio 1, 2 & 5
and PCS)
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Heinrich
WielandThe Nobel Prize
for his investigations of the constitution of the bile acids and related substance
in Chemistry
1927
Adolf
WindausThe Nobel Prize
for the services rendered through his research into the constitution of the sterols and their connection with the vitamins
in Chemistry
1928
Arthur
HardenThe Nobel Prize
for their investigations
in Chemistry
1929
on the fermentation of sugar and fermentative enzymes
(A&P and Mol Bio 2) (A&P and Mol Bio 2) (A&P and Mol Bio 3)
Hans
von Euler-ChelpinThe Nobel Prize
for their investigations
in Chemistry
1929
on the fermentation of sugar and fermentative enzymesHans
FischerThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1930for his researches into the constitution of haemin and chlorophyll and especially for his synthesis of haemin
Otto Heinrich
WarburgThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1931for his discovery of the
nature and mode of action
of the
respiratory enzyme(A&P and Mol Bio 3) (A&P and Mol Bio 2 & 4) (Mol Bio 3)
Peter
Debye
The Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1936for his contributions
to our knowledge of
molecular structure
through his
investigations on
dipole moments and on the
diffraction of X-rays and
electrons in gasesAlbert von
Szent-GyörgyiThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1937for his discoveries in connection
with the biological
combustion processes,
with special reference
to vitamin C and
the catalysis
of fumaric acidWalter Norman
HaworthThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1937
for his investigations
on carbohydrates
and vitamin C(A&P and Mol Bio 1 & 2) (A&P and Mol Bio 1) (A&P and Mol Bio 1)
Paul
KarrerThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1937for his investigations
on carotenoids, flavins
and
vitamins A and B2Richard
KuhnThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1938
for his work on
carotenoids
and vitaminsAdolf
ButenandtThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1939for his work
on sex hormones(A&P and Mol Bio 3 & 4) (A&P and Mol Bio 3 & 4) (A&P and Mol Bio 2)
Leopold
RuzickaThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1939for his work on
polymethylenes and
higher terpenes
Carl Ferdinand
CoriThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1947for their discovery of
the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen
R
(see also G. T. Cori)(A&P and Mol Bio 2 & 4)
(A&P and Mol Bio 3) R
Gerty Theresa
CoriThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1947for their discovery of the
course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen
R
(see also C. F. Cori)Selman Abraham
WaksmanThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1952for his discovery of streptomycin,
the first antibiotic effective
against tuberculosisSir Hans Adolf
KrebsThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1953for his discovery of
the citric acid cycle(A&P and Mol Bio 3) (Cell Bio 2) (A&P and Mol Bio 3) R
Fritz Albert
LipmannThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1953for his discovery of
co-enzyme A and its importance for
intermediary metabolismLinus Carl
PaulingThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1954for his research into the
nature of the chemical
bond and its
application to the
elucidation of the structure
of complex substancesAxel Hugo Theodor
TheorellThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1955for his discoveries
concerning the nature
and mode of action of oxidation enzymes(A&P and Mol Bio 3) (Cell Bio 1 and Mol Bio 1) (Mol Bio 3 & 4)
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Sir Alexander Robertus
ToddThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1957for his work on nucleotides
and nucleotide co-enzymesDaniel
BovetThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1957for his discoveries relating to
synthetic compounds that
inhibit the action of certain body substances, and especially their action on the vascular system and the skeletal musclesFrederick
SangerThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1958for his work on the
structure of proteins, especially
that of insulin(A&P, Cell Bio 1 and
Mol Bio 2 and 3)(A&P, Mol Bio 5 and PCS) (A&P, and Mol Bio 1, 2, & 5) R
George Wells
BeadleThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1958for their (also Tatum)
discovery that genes
act by regulating
definite chemical eventsEdward Lawrie
TatumThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1958for their (also Beadle)
discovery that genes
act by regulating
definite chemical eventsJoshua
LederbergThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1958for his discoveries concerning
genetic recombination and
the organization of the genetic
material of bacteria
(A&P, Cell Bio and
Mol Bio 1, 2, & 5)(A&P, Cell Bio and
Mol Bio 1, 2, & 5)(Cell Bio 2) R
Melvin
CalvinThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1961for his research on the carbon dioxide assimilation in plants
Severo
OchoaThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1959for their discovery of the
mechanisms in the biological
synthesis of ribonucleic acid
and deoxyribonucleic acid
Arthur
KornbergThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1959for their discovery of the
mechanisms in the biological
synthesis of ribonucleic acid
and deoxyribonucleic acid(Mol Bio 4) (A&P, Cell Bio and
Mol Bio 1, 2 & 5)(A&P, Cell Bio and
Mol Bio 1, 2 & 5)
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Francis Harry Compton
CrickThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1962for their discoveries
concerning
the molecular structure
of nucleic acids and its significance for
information transfer in
living materialJames Dewey
WatsonThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1962for their discoveries concerning
the molecular structure
of nucleic acids and its significance for
information transfer in
living materialMaurice Hugh Frederick
WilkinsThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1962for their discoveries
concerning
the molecular structure
of nucleic acids and its significance for
information transfer in
living material(A&P, Cell Bio 1 and
Mol Bio 1, 2 & 5)(A&P, Cell Bio 1 and
Mol Bio 1, 2 & 5)(A&P, Cell Bio 1 and
Mol Bio 1, 2 & 5)R
Sir John Carew
EcclesThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1963for their discoveries
concerning the ionic mechanisms involved
in excitation and inhibition
in the peripheral and
central portions of the
nerve cell membrane
Alan Lloyd
HodgkinThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1963for their discoveries
concerning the ionic mechanisms involved
in excitation and inhibition
in the peripheral and
central portions of the
nerve cell membraneAndrew Fielding
HuxleyThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1963for their discoveries
concerning the ionic mechanisms involved
in excitation and inhibition
in the peripheral and
central portions of the
nerve cell membrane
(A&P, Mol Bio 5 and PCS) (A&P, Mol Bio 5 and PCS) (A&P, Mol Bio 5 and PCS)
Konrad
BlochThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1964for their discoveries
concerning
the mechanism and regulation
of the cholesterol and
fatty acid metabolismFeodor
LynenThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1964for their discoveries concerning
the mechanism and regulation
of the cholesterol and
fatty acid metabolism
RPeyton
RousThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1966for his discovery of
tumour-inducing viruses(A&P and Mol Bio 2, 3 & 4) (A&P and Mol Bio 2, 3 & 4) (Virology (CB2))
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Robert W.
HolleyThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1968for their interpretation of the
genetic code and its function in
protein synthesisHar Gobind
KhoranaThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1968for their interpretation of the
genetic code and its function in
protein synthesisMarshall W.
NirenbergThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1968for their interpretation of the
genetic code and its function in
protein synthesis(A&P, Cell Bio 1 and
Mol Bio 1, 2 & 5)(A&P, Cell Bio 1 and
Mol Bio 1, 2 & 5)(A&P, Cell Bio 1 and
Mol Bio 1, 2 & 5)R
Max
DelbrückThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1969for their discoveries
concerning
the replication mechanism and
the genetic structure of virusesAlfred D.
HersheyThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1969for their discoveries concerning
the replication mechanism and
the genetic structure of viruses
RSalvador E.
LuriaThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1969for their discoveries
concerning
the replication mechanism and
the genetic structure of viruses(Virology (CB2) (Virology (CB2) (Virology (CB2) R
Sir Bernard
KatzThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1970for their discoveries
concerning
the humoral transmittors in the
nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivationUlf
von EulerThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1970for their discoveries concerning
the humoral transmittors in the
nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivationJulius
AxelrodThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1970for their discoveries
concerning
the humoral transmittors in the
nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation
R(A&P, Mol Bio 5 and PCS) (A&P, Mol Bio 5 and PCS) (A&P, Mol Bio 5 and PCS)
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Earl W.
Sutherland, Jr.The Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1971for his discoveries
concerning
the mechanisms of the action
of hormonesRodney R.
PorterThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or MedicinE
1972for their discoveries concerning
the chemical structure
of antibodiesGerald M.
EdelmanThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1972for their discoveries
concerning
the chemical structure
of antibodies(A&P, Mol Bio 1, 2 & 5
and PCS)(Immunology (CB3) and
Mol Bio 2 & 5)(Immunology (CB3) and
Mol Bio 2 & 5)R
Albert
ClaudeThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1974for their discoveries
concerning
the structural and functional
organization of the cellChristian
de DuveThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1974for their discoveries concerning
the structural and functional
organization of the cellGeorge E.
PaladeThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1974for their discoveries
concerning
the structural and functional
organization of the cell(A&P, Cell Bio, Mol Bio and PCS) (A&P, Cell Bio, Mol Bio and PCS) (A&P, Cell Bio, Mol Bio and PCS) R
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Under Construction Under Construction Peter
MitchellThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1978for his contribution to the
understanding of biological energy transfer through the formulation
of the chemiosmotic theory
(press release)
(A&P and Mol Bio 3 & 4)
J. Michael (press release)
BishopThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1989for their discovery of
the cellular origin of
retroviral oncogenes
(Cell Bio 1
and Virology (CB2))R
Harold E. (press release)
VarmusThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1989for their discovery of
the cellular origin of
retroviral oncogenes
Erwin (press release)
NeherThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1991for their discoveries
concerning the function
of single ion channels in cellsBert (press release)
SakmannThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1991for their discoveries
concerning the function
of single ion channels in cells(Cell Bio 1
and Virology (CB2))(A&P, Mol Bio 5,
and PCS)(A&P, Mol Bio 5,
and PCS)R
Rudolph A. (press release)
MarcusThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1992for his contributions
to the theory of
electron transfer
reactions in
chemical systemsEdmond H. (press release)
FischerThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1992for their discoveries
concerning reversible protein phosphorylation as a
biological regulatory
mechanism
Edwin G.
KrebsThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1992for their discoveries
concerning reversible protein phosphorylation as a
biological regulatory
mechanism
(Mol Bio 3 & 4) (A&P, Mol Bio 5 and PCS) (A&P, Mol Bio 5 and PCS) R
Kary B.
MullisThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1993for contributions to the developments of methods
within DNA-based
chemistry:
for his invention of the
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method
(press release)Michael
SmithThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1993for contributions to the developments of methods within DNA-based
chemistry: for his fundamental
contributions to the
establishment of oligonucleiotide-based, site-directed mutagenesis and its development
for protein studies
Richard J.
RobertsThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1993for their discovery of
"split genes"
(Cell Bio 1) (Cell Bio 1 and Mol Bio 5) (Cell Bio 1 and Mol Bio 5) R
Phillip A.
SharpThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1993for their discovery of
"split genes"
Edward B.
LewisThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1994for their discovery of
G-proteins and the role
of these proteins in signal
transduction in cells
Martin
RodbellThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1994for their discovery of
G-proteins and the role
of these proteins in signal
transduction in cells
(Cell Bio 1 and Mol Bio 5) (A&P, Mol Bio 5 and PCS) (A&P, Mol Bio 5 and PCS) R
Edward B.
LewisThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1995for their discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development
Christiane
Nüsslein-VolhardThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1995for their discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development
Eric F.
WieschausThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1995for their discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development
(Cell Bio 1) (Cell Bio 1) (Cell Bio 1) R
Pete C.
DohertyThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1996for their discoveries
concerning the specificity
of the cell mediated
immune defence
Rolf M. (press release)
ZinkernagelThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1996for their discoveries
concerning the specificity
of the cell mediated
immune defenceStanley B.
PrusinerThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1997for his discovery of Prions
- a new biological principle of infection
(Immunology (CB3)) (Immunology (CB3)) (Virology (CB2) and
Immunology (CB3))
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Paul D.
BoyerThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1997for their elucidation of the
enzymatic mechanism underlying
the synthesis of adenosine
triphosphate (ATP)
John E.
WalkerThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1997for their elucidation of the enzymatic mechanism underlying the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Jens C.
SkouThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
1997for the first discovery of an
ion-transporting enzyme,
Na+,K+-ATPase
(A&P and Mol Bio 3-5) (A&P and Mol Bio 3-5) (A&P and Mol Bio 3-5) R
Robert F.
FurchgottThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1998for their discoveries
concerning
nitric oxide as a signalling
molecule in the
cardiovascular system
Louis J.
IgnarroThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1998for their discoveries concerning
nitric oxide as a signalling
molecule in the
cardiovascular system
Ferid
MuradThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1998for their discoveries
concerning
nitric oxide as a signalling
molecule in the
cardiovascular system
(A&P and PCS) (A&P and PCS) (A&P and PCS) R
Günter
BlobelThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
1999for the discovery that
proteins have intrinsic
signals that govern their
transport and localization
in the cell
Arvid
CarlssonThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
2000for their discoveries
concerning signal
transduction in the
nervous system
Paul
GreengardThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
2000for their discoveries
concerning signal
transduction in the
nervous system(Cell Bio and Mol Bio 2 & 5) (A&P, Mol Bio 2 & 5
and PCS)(A&P, Mol Bio 2 & 5
and PCS)R
Eric R
KandelThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
2000for their discoveries
concerning signal
transduction in the
nervous system
Leland H.
HartwellThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
2001for their discoveries of
key regulators
of the cell cycle
R. Timothy (Tim)
HuntThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
2001for their discoveries of
key regulators
of the cell cycle
(press release)
R(A&P, Mol Bio 2 & 5
and PCS)(Cell Bio 1) (Cell Bio 1) R
Sir Paul M.
NurseThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
2001for their discoveries of
key regulators
of the cell cycle
William S.
KnowlesThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
2001for their work on
chirally catalysed
hydrogenation reactions
Ryoji
NoyoriThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
2001for their work on
chirally catalysed
hydrogenation reactions
(Cell Bio 1) (Mol Bio 1 & 2) (Mol Bio 1 & 2) R
K. Barry
SharplessThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
2001for his work on
chirally catalysed
oxidation reactions
Sydney
BrennerThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
2002
for their discoveries
concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell deathH. Robert
HorvitzThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
2002
for their discoveries
concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death(Mol Bio 1 & 2) (Immunology (CB3)) (Immunology (CB3))
John E.
SulstonThe Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
2002
for their discoveries
concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell deathPeter
AgreThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
2003
for their discoveries
concerning channels in cell membranes' and for the discovery of water channelsRoderick
MacKinnonThe Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
2003
for their discoveries
concerning channels in cell membranes' and
for structural and
mechanistic studies of ion channels(Immunology (CB3)) (A&P and Mol Bio 2 & 5) (A&P, Mol Bio 2 & 5,
and PCS)
Aaron
Ciechanover
The Nobel Prize
for their discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation
in Chemistry
2004
(press release)
Avram
Hersko
The Nobel Prize
for their discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation
in Chemistry
2004
(press release)
Irwin
Rose
The Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
2004
for their discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation
(press release)
(A&P, Mol Bio 5,
and PCS)(A&P, Mol Bio 5,
and PCS)(A&P, Mol Bio 5,
and PCS)
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AxelThe Nobel Prize
for their discoveries
in Medicine
2004
of odorant receptors
and the organization
of the olfactory system
(press release)
Linda B.
Buck
The Nobel Prize
for their discoveries
in Medicine
2004
of odorant receptors
and the organization
of the olfactory system
(press release)
Barry J.
Marshall
The Nobel Prize
in Medicine
2005
for their discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease
(press release)
(A&P and PCS) (A&P and PCS) (A&P, Immunology (CB3)
and PCS)
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J. Robin
Warren
The Nobel Prize
in Medicine
2005
for their discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease
(press release)
Andrew Z.
Fire
The Nobel Prize
in Medicine
2006
for their discovery of
RNA interference - gene
silencing by
double-stranded RNA
(press release)Craig C.
Mello
The Nobel Prize
in Medicine
2006
for their discovery of
RNA interference - gene
silencing by
double-stranded RNA
(press release)(A&P, Immunology) (A&P, Immunology) (A&P, Immunology)
![]()
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Roger D.
Kornberg
The Nobel Prize
in Chemistry
2006
for his studies of the
molecular basis of
eukaryotic transcription
(press release)
Mario R.
Capecchi
The Nobel Prize
in Medicine
2007
for their discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells
(press release)Sir Martin J.
Evans
The Nobel Prize
in Medicine
2007
for their discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells
(press release)(A&P and Mol Bio 2 & 5) (A&P, Immunology) (A&P, Immunology)
Oliver
Smithies
The Nobel Prize
in Medicine
2007
for their discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells
(press release)
(A&P, Immunology)
What does chirality mean?
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2001 concerns work with chiral molecules. These chiral molecules can be used to control or speed up different chemical reactions. In this game you can learn the basic principles of chirality. Biochemistry is the study of life processes at a molecular level. This Virtual Biochemistry Laboratory consists of several rooms, each focusing on one particular method used in biochemistry: "Nuclear Magnetic Resonance", "Electrophoresis", "Chromatography", "Protein Sequencing", "X-ray Diffraction" and "Protein Folding". The different methods help scientists find out more about molecules, for example proteins.
Educational Games in Medicine
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